Equality and Diversity
Self-assessment: short answer questions
These questions are optional. Time you spend answering them will be added to your CPD time.
What is the purpose of equality in the context of "equality and diversity"?
The purpose of equality is to provide equality of opportunity for everyone, allowing them to achieve their potential, free from discrimination or prejudice.
What is the role of the UK Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC)?
The role of the EHRC is to reduce inequality, eliminate discrimination, strengthen good relations between people, and promote and protect human rights. They enforce equality laws on the "protected areas" and encourage compliance with the Human Rights Act.
What is the legal definition of a disabled person under the Equality Act 2010?
A person is legally defined as disabled if they have a "physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on their ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities".
What is meant by "gender reassignment" as a protected characteristic in the Equality Act 2010?
Gender reassignment refers to a process in which a person intends to, starts, or completes a change in their gender. The person does not have to be under medical supervision to be protected. It is a personal process, not a medical one.
What does the Equality Act 2010 protect against in terms of pregnancy and maternity discrimination?
Protection from discrimination lasts during the period of a woman's pregnancy and any statutory maternity leave to which she is entitled. Employers cannot take into account an employee's period of absence due to pregnancy-related illness when making a decision about her employment. Breastfeeding is also explicitly protected.
What is "positive action" in the context of racial discrimination under the Equality Act 2010?
Positive action is the deliberate employment of under-represented or disadvantaged racial groups to achieve diversity in the workplace. It allows an employer to select a candidate from a particular group when faced with equally good candidates.
What is necessary for a belief to be considered protected under the Equality Act 2010?
For a belief to be protected, it must satisfy various criteria, including being a "weighty" and "substantial" aspect of human life and behavior, and it must be "cogent, serious, and worthy of respect in a democratic society".
What are four examples of beliefs that have been granted protection under the Equality Act 2010?
Examples of protected beliefs include pacifism, scientology, druidism, vegetarianism, veganism, anti-fox hunting, humanism, and belief in man-made climate change.
Under what circumstances can sexual orientation discrimination be lawful according to the Equality Act 2010?
Sexual orientation discrimination may be lawful if belonging to a particular sexual orientation is an occupational requirement, or if an organization is taking positive action to encourage or develop participation from gay, lesbian, or bisexual individuals in a role or activity.
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