Enhanced Verifiable CPD from the
University of Birmingham

Anticoagulants and dentistry
Anti-platelet drug mechanisms


Platelets

The principal function of platelets is to prevent bleeding. They stick to damaged blood vessel surfaces, and then stick to each other. Along with a protein called Fibrin which creates a mat, they form a clot.


Anti-platelet drug mechanisms

Aspirin

COX-1 (cyclo-oxygenase-1) is an enzyme is necessary to generate a potent platelet activator called thromboxane A2, which stimulates activation of new platelets as well as increasing platelet aggregation.

Aspirin works as an antiplatelet agent by irreversibly blocking COX-1 inside the platelets. This results in reduced platelet aggregation, and prevents new platelets being activated.


Clopidogrel

Clopidogrel belongs to a class of drugs which are called adenosine diphosphate (ADP) antagonists. ADP helps the platelet aggregation process by interacting with two receptors on platelets (called P2Y1 and P2Y12). Clopidogrel blocks these receptors, preventing platelet aggregation.

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